Section-A
1. Describe briefly about the different types of shear test. [10]
2. Discuss the factors that affect the bearing capacity of soil. Explain Terzaghi’s general bearing capacity theory. [10]
3. Write the assumptions for the design of a reinforced concrete section for limit state of collapse in bending? Also, write the steps for designing an axially loaded compression member for steel structures. [5+5=10]
Section-B
4. Define rainfall. Explain about types of rainfall in Nepal in brief. [1+4=5]
5. Explain briefly on the causes and effects of waterlogging. List down the preventive and curative measures to control the waterlogging. [3+3+2+2=10]
6. Write the name of six hydropower project which are in operation with their installed capacity. A run-off river plant is installed on a river having a minimum flow of 15 m³/ sec. If the plant is used as a peak load plant operating only for 6 hours daily, compute the firm capacity of the plant: a) without pondage; b) with pondage but allowing 8% water to be lost in evaporation and other losses. Head at the plant is 16 m, and the plant efficiency may be assumed as 80%. [3+7=10]
Section-C
7. Write the importance of routine and periodic maintenance for a road. How do you strengthen the existing pavements? [2+3=5]
8. What specific considerations ought to be followed in the selection of alignment for roads in the hilly region? Describe the various tests carried on bitumen to ascertain its suitability for a given type of road. [10]
9. Describe briefly the classification of roads as per Nepal Road Standard 2070. Calculate the safe stopping sight distance for design speed of 72 kmph for (a) two-way traffic on a two-lane road (b) two-way traffic on a single lane road. Assume coefficient of friction as 0.37 and reaction time of driver as 2.5 seconds. [4+6=10]
Section-D
10. Briefly discuss about brief environmental study (BES), initial environmental examination (IEE) and environmental impact assessment (EIA). [5]
11. What are the basic features of urban waste water management system that is required for Pokhara Municipality? [5]
12. Describe various sources of drinking water. Which sources are suitable for drinking water supply in hilly region? Justify your answer. [10]
